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Alkali-Metals
1
H | | 2
He |
3
Li | 4
Be | | 5
B | 6
C | 7
N | 8
O | 9
F | 10
Ne |
11
Na | 12
Mg | | 13
Al | 14
Si | 15
P | 16
S | 17
Cl | 18
Ar |
19
K | 20
Ca | 21
Sc |
22
Ti | 23
V | 24
Cr | 25
Mn |
26
Fe | 27
Co | 28
Ni | 29
Cu | 30
Zn | 31
Ga | 32
Ge | 33
As | 34
Se | 35
Br | 36
Kr |
37
Rb | 38
Sr | 39
Y | 40
Zr | 41
Nb | 42
Mo | 43
Tc | 44
Ru | 45
Rh | 46
Pd | 47
Ag | 48
Cd | 49
In | 50
Sn | 51
Sb | 52
Te | 53
I | 54
Xe |
55
Cs | 56
Ba | 57-
71 | 72
Hf | 73
Ta | 74
W | 75
Rn | 76
Os | 77
Ir | 78
Pl | 79
Au | 80
Hg | 81
Tl | 82
Pb | 83
Bi | 84
Po |
85
At | 86
Rn |
87
Fr | 88
Ra | 89-
103 | 104
Rf | 105
Db | 106
Sg | Bh
108 | 108
Hs | 109
Mt | 110
Ds | 111
Rg |
112
Cn | 113
Uut | 114
Fl | 115
Uup | 116
Lv | 117
Uus | 118
Uuo |
They are known as alkali metals. They distinguish themselves by having one single electron on the extreme outer shell and they try, with sometimes violent reactions, to 'get rid of' the apparently not very strongly
bonded electron. Thus, e.g., is the nature of posassiumand one of the reasons why the fire department should not always fight fires using water. Never bring potassium and water directly together, you'll set of the
fireworks.
| Flame colouring |
| Lithium | Red |
| Potassium | Yellow |
| Kalium | Violet |
| Rubidium | Red |
| Caesium | Blue-violet |
If, e.g., one cuts postassium, which is soft, the surface has, like the other alkali metals, has a silvery shine to it.
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